What is Malignant Melanoma?

Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, making early detection crucial. This cancer can spread to various organs, including the bones, lungs, and liver, through the lymphatic or blood vessels. It primarily originates from melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis and most cases develop on the skin. In particular, it's often found in the extremities like the soles of the feet, palms, and under fingernails in people of Asian descent, requiring extra vigilance.

Symptoms of Malignant Melanoma

The symptoms of malignant melanoma are often subtle and difficult to notice. Typically, there are no noticeable symptoms like itching or pain, and it can be mistaken for ordinary black or dark blue spots, making detection challenging. Pay close attention to the following signs:

• Asymmetrical shape
• Irregular borders
• Different colors within the same spot
• Diameter larger than 6mm
• Growing in size over time

Causes of Malignant Melanoma

The exact causes of malignant melanoma are not yet fully understood. However, genetic factors and UV exposure are considered major contributors. It's known that individuals of Caucasian descent with a family history, or those with blonde hair and blue eyes, need to be more cautious. Recently, the incidence has been increasing in Korea as well, so everyone should be mindful.

Treatment Methods for Malignant Melanoma

Treatment for malignant melanoma can be broadly categorized into surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and biological agents. In the early stages, the melanoma is surgically removed. If the tumor is thicker than 1mm, nearby regional lymph nodes may also be excised. For advanced stages, surgery to remove the primary site and regional lymph nodes is performed, followed by high-dose interferon therapy to enhance treatment efficacy. In late stages, additional surgery or radiation therapy may be considered for symptom relief.

Conclusion

Early detection plays a vital role in treating malignant melanoma. It's essential to regularly check your skin and perform self-examinations to monitor any changes. Today, we've covered the symptoms, causes, and treatment methods for malignant melanoma. Stay vigilant for your health and safety!